Searching for the Historical Truth

Historical Records from China


Historical records from the Records of the Grand Historian, also known by its Chinese name Shiji(史記) indicates that the eastern end of the Wall reached the Liaodong Peninsula. Furthermore, The Shiji Zhengyi(史記正義) states, “Liaodong Province is located to the east of Liao River, and Emperor Qin Shi Huang built a great wall to the Liao River.” This record indicates that the Great Wall did not extend past the Liao River. Ruins of the Great Wall were found in the Fuxin region to the west of the Liao River, but not to the east.

Maps from The Cambridge History of China


*The Cambridge History of China* series demonstrate the most comprehensive history of China in the English language, covering from the 3rd century BCE to the death of Mao Tse-tung(Mao Zedong), consisting of fifteen volumes. These series include maps that show the eastern end of the Great Wall which reached near the Liaodong Peninsula.

Michael Loewe and Edward L. Shaughnessy, eds., The Cambridge history of ancient China: From the origins of civilization to 221 B.C.(Cambridge, Eng.: Cambridge University Press, 1999), p. 636

Michael Loewe and Edward L. Shaughnessy, eds., The Cambridge history of ancient China: From the origins of civilization to 221 B.C.(Cambridge, Eng.: Cambridge University Press, 1999), p. 636

Denis C. Twitchett, ed., The Cambridge history of China, Volume 3: The Sui and T’ang China, 589-906, Part 1 (Cambridge, Eng.: Cambridge University Press, 1979), p. 145

Denis C. Twitchett, ed., The Cambridge history of China, Volume 3: The Sui and T’ang China, 589-906, Part 1 (Cambridge, Eng.: Cambridge University Press, 1979), p. 145

Frederick W. Mote and Denis C. Twitchett, eds., The Cambridge history of China, Volume 3: The Ming dynasty, 1368-1644, Part 1 (Cambridge, Eng.: Cambridge University Press, 1998), p. 390.

Frederick W. Mote and Denis C. Twitchett, eds., The Cambridge history of China, Volume 3: The Ming dynasty, 1368-1644, Part 1 (Cambridge, Eng.: Cambridge University Press, 1998), p. 390.

The Cambridge History of China

Accurate maps in educational materials


Books that mark the eastern end accurately

<aside> 🇰🇷 This analysis is conducted by Voluntary Agency Network of Korea with documentary support by Understanding Korea Project, Center for International Affairs, the Academy of Korean Studies.

</aside>